A Young Man with a Twitching Arm (P02.073)

CONCLUSIONS: Clinical features of patient’s crisis characterized by facial twitching, dysarthria and hand posturing resembled “faciobrachial dystonic seizures”, a recently described entity that occurs almost exclusively in association with LGI-1 antibo…

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Gene Therapy for GliomaGene Therapy for Glioma

Is gene therapy our best shot in the battle against glioma? This review explores the potential and challenges of gene therapy strategies that may provide treatment options for this deadly cancer. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry (Sou…

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Parental smoking and risk of childhood brain tumors

This study investigated associations between parental smoking and risk of CBT in a population‐based case–control study conducted between 2005 and 2010. Cases were identified through all ten Australian pediatric oncology centers, controls via nationwide random‐digit dialing, frequency matched to cases on age, sex and state of residence. Parental smoking information was obtained for 302 cases and 941 controls through mailed questionnaires that requested average daily cigarette use in each calendar year from age 15 to the child’s birth, linked to residential and occupational histories. Data were analyzed using unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for frequency matching variables and potential confounders. Overall, parental smoking before or during pregnancy showed no association…

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Suppression of Chloride Channel 3 Expression Facilitates Sensitivity of Human Glioma U251 Cells to Cisplatin Through Concomitant Inhibition of Akt and Autophagy

In this study, we investigated the role of chloride channel‐3 (ClC‐3) in cisplatin resistance. Autophagy was demonstrated by accumulation of LC3‐II, beclin 1 and Atg12‐Atg5. The ultrastructure changes were observed under electron microscope. Chemical staining with acridine orange or MDC was used to detect acidic vesicular organelles. Quantification of apoptosis was detected by PI and Annexin V staining. The mechanisms involved in the Akt pathway and autophagy were studied by western blot analysis. Our results showed that Akt phosphorylation and autophagy were induced by cisplatin in human glioma U251 cells. Specific inhibition of ClC‐3 by ClC‐3 siRNA sensitized the apoptosis‐resistant U251 cells to cisplatin‐mediated cell death and downregulated phosphorylated Akt. Interest…

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Integrated segmentation of brain tumor images for radiotherapy and neurosurgery

Abstract
Segmentation of brain tumor images is an important task in diagnosis and treatment planning for cancer patients. To achieve this goal with standard clinical acquisition protocols, conventionally, either classification algorithms are applied on multimodal MR images or atlas‐based segmentation is used on a high‐resolution monomodal MR image. These two approaches have been commonly regarded separately. We propose to integrate all the available imaging information into one framework to be able to use the information gained from the tissue classification of the multimodal images to perform a more precise segmentation on the high‐resolution monomodal image by atlas‐based segmentation. For this, we combine a state of the art regularized classification method with an enhanced vers…

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